Semester7

Notes of courses done/attended in semester 7 in college

how people want to communicate now
users communicate but do not trust
- trust is not on softwares
- users desire anonymity
end-parties distrust software and hardware
- eg. cookies, collect consumer details for marketing goals
Third party asserts its right to interpose communication
- private ISPs and govt agencies want to monitor traffic
- put some devices in-between end parties
one party forces interaction on another
- eg: email spam
multi-way communication
- internet has been designed for one to one communication only.. end to end arguement
- eg teleconfrencing, broadcasting

operation in untrustworthy world
demanding applications
- audio/video streaming
  - require large bandwidth
  - uses intermediate nodes: violates end to end arguement
    - 2 parties should communicate directly
    - CDN (content distribution networks) hote hai na
    - ques: why this design was considered? end-to-end one
ISP service differentiation
- application specific services are offered by some ISPs
Third party incolvement
- eg govt agencies want to monitor traffic

internet developed in simpler times
- common goals, consistent vision
- research curiosity -> component of mainstream society
  - now not only researchers are using this, but others as well - buisnesses, common ppl, etc
With success came multiple goals
- ISPs must talk to provide connectivity but are fierce competitors
- privacy of users vs govt’s need to monitor
- music/movie lovers want to exchange recordings with each other but the rights holder wants to stop them
Author’s stand
- these tussels must be dealt not by violating the architecture
- adding firewall in network violates design, for eg

providers tussles as they compete to get more customers
customers tussle with providers to get the service at a low price
Solution
- principle of design for choice into mechanism is the building block to deal with the competition
  - customers myst have the ability to choose ( switch ) providers freely
examples -

trustTussleSpace

design for choice
- privacy vs security
- users should be able to choose
  - with whom they interact (identify…?)
  - what level of transparency they offer to other users
examples
- how to prevent DoS attacks
- How to deal with the tussle about Firewalls

the openness to innovation that permits a new application to be deployed
but economical motivations are against openness
- proprietary interfaces give market power
unix OS me more innovation than Windows
Solution
- separate the tussle of vertical integration and sustaining innovation

design for variation in outcome
- allow design to be flexible to different uses/results
- tussle in design, not by violating the design
modularize along conflict boundary
- wherever there is conflict, give choices and modularize

egDP

challenges

summary